WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Does legislation explicitly prohibit discriminatory workplace harassment on the basis of race/ethnicity?

The term “race/ethnicity” includes references to ‘color’, ‘clan’, ‘ethnic origin’, or ‘ethnic groups’. For the purposes of this variable, the term “race/ethnicity” captures all of these definitions.

Discriminatory harassment includes explicit legislative prohibitions against harassment at the workplace.

No prohibition means that legislation does not take an explicit approach to prohibiting discriminatory harassment on the basis of race/ethnicity. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee.

General prohibition of harassment means that legislation prohibits discriminatory harassment generally— for example, by prohibiting discrimination based on “any status” or stating no worker may be discriminated against. This general prohibition is not specifically extended on the basis of race/ethnicity.

Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination on the basis of race/ethnicity broadly protects individuals from workplace discrimination on the basis of race/ethnicity, but does not explicitly address workplace harassment. These broad prohibitions use language that could extend prohibition of discrimination across any aspect of work.

Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition means that legislation either extends: a) an explicit prohibition of discriminatory harassment on the basis of race/ethnicity, or b) extends a broad prohibition of workplace discrimination on the basis of race/ethnicity alongside a general prohibition of discriminatory harassment to all workers.

Countries

Afghanistan - No prohibition

Bangladesh - No prohibition

Bahrain - No prohibition

Benin - No prohibition

Brunei - No prohibition

Brazil - No prohibition

Bhutan - No prohibition

Botswana - No prohibition

Republic of the Congo - No prohibition

Switzerland - No prohibition

Cameroon - No prohibition

Dominica - No prohibition

Egypt - No prohibition

Ethiopia - No prohibition

Micronesia, Federated States of - No prohibition

Greenland - No prohibition

The Gambia - No prohibition

Haiti - No prohibition

Israel - No prohibition

India - No prohibition

Jamaica - No prohibition

Jordan - No prohibition

Japan - No prohibition

St. Kitts and Nevis - No prohibition

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Kuwait - No prohibition

Lebanon - No prohibition

Liechtenstein - No prohibition

Sri Lanka - No prohibition

Libya - No prohibition

Madagascar - No prohibition

Marshall Islands - No prohibition

Myanmar - No prohibition

Malaysia - No prohibition

Niger - No prohibition

Nigeria - No prohibition

Nauru - No prohibition

Oman - No prohibition

Papua New Guinea - No prohibition

The Philippines - No prohibition

Pakistan - No prohibition

Palau - No prohibition

Qatar - No prohibition

Saudi Arabia - No prohibition

Solomon Islands - No prohibition

Sudan - No prohibition

South Sudan - No prohibition

Syria - No prohibition

Chad - No prohibition

Thailand - No prohibition

Tunisia - No prohibition

Tonga - No prohibition

Uruguay - No prohibition

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No prohibition

Vanuatu - No prohibition

Democratic Republic of the Congo - General prohibition of harassment

Djibouti - General prohibition of harassment

Guinea - General prohibition of harassment

Cambodia - General prohibition of harassment

Monaco - General prohibition of harassment

Singapore - General prohibition of harassment

San Marino - General prohibition of harassment

Antigua and Barbuda - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Armenia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Angola - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Azerbaijan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Burkina Faso - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Bahamas - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Belarus - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Belize - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Canada - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Central African Republic - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

China - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Costa Rica - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Dominican Republic - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Eritrea - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Grenada - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Ghana - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Guatemala - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Guyana - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Indonesia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Iran - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Kyrgyzstan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Kiribati - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Kazakhstan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Laos - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

St. Lucia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Liberia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Lesotho - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Morocco - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Mali - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Mauritania - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Maldives - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Malawi - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Namibia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Nicaragua - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Nepal - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Paraguay - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Russian Federation - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Rwanda - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Senegal - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Somalia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Eswatini - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Togo - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Turkmenistan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Tuvalu - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Uganda - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Uzbekistan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Yemen - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Zambia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on race/ethnicity

Andorra - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

United Arab Emirates - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Albania - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Argentina - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Austria - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Australia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Barbados - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Belgium - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Bulgaria - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Burundi - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Bolivia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Cote d'Ivoire - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Chile - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Colombia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Cuba - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Cabo Verde - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Cyprus - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Czech Republic - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Germany - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Denmark - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Algeria - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Ecuador - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Estonia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Spain - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Finland - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Fiji - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

France - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Gabon - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

United Kingdom - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Georgia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Equatorial Guinea - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Greece - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Guinea-Bissau - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Honduras - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Croatia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Hungary - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Ireland - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Iraq - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Iceland - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Italy - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Kenya - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Comoros - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Lithuania - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Luxembourg - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Latvia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Moldova - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Montenegro - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

North Macedonia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Mongolia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Malta - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Mauritius - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Mexico - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Mozambique - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

The Netherlands - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Norway - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

New Zealand - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Panama - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Peru - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Poland - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Portugal - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Romania - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Serbia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Seychelles - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Sweden - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Slovenia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Slovakia - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Sierra Leone - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Suriname - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Sao Tome and Principe - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

El Salvador - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Tajikistan - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Timor-Leste - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Türkiye - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Trinidad and Tobago - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Tanzania - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Ukraine - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

United States of America - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Venezuela - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Vietnam - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Samoa - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

South Africa - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition

Zimbabwe - Yes, race/ethnicity-specific prohibition