WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Does legislation explicitly prohibit discrimination in promotions and/or demotions on the basis of parenting status?

Map reflects policies in place as of August 2016. Updates of these data are currently in progress.

Promotions and/or demotions includes explicit legislative prohibitions against discrimination in promotions, advancement, discipline, demotions, and in certain cases, prohibition of discrimination in performance evaluations.

Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on parenting status means that legislation extends a prohibition of discrimination at the workplace using gender-neutral references to caregiving (‘parenthood’, ‘having children’, ‘single parents’, workers with ‘family responsibilities’), but does not explicitly address discrimination in promotions and/or demotions. These broad prohibitions use language that could extend prohibition of discrimination across any aspect of workplace.

Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only means that legislation either: a) extends an explicit prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions to mothers, or b) extends a broad prohibition of workplace discrimination on the basis of motherhood alongside a general prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions to all workers. Country legislation does not prohibit any of these forms of workplace discrimination on the basis of fatherhood.

Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers means that legislation prohibits discrimination in promotions and/or demotions on the basis of both motherhood and fatherhood by either: a) extending an explicit prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions on the basis of motherhood and/or fatherhood, or b) extends a broad prohibition of workplace discrimination on the basis of motherhood and/or fatherhood alongside a general prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions to all workers.

Countries

Afghanistan - No prohibition

Nigeria - No prohibition

Monaco - No prohibition

Mozambique - No prohibition

Myanmar - No prohibition

Nauru - No prohibition

Nepal - No prohibition

Niger - No prohibition

Norway - No prohibition

Mauritania - No prohibition

Oman - No prohibition

Pakistan - No prohibition

Palau - No prohibition

Panama - No prohibition

Papua New Guinea - No prohibition

Paraguay - No prohibition

Peru - No prohibition

Federated States of Micronesia - No prohibition

Marshall Islands - No prohibition

Poland - No prohibition

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Iraq - No prohibition

Jamaica - No prohibition

Japan - No prohibition

Jordan - No prohibition

Kazakhstan - No prohibition

Kenya - No prohibition

Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Mali - No prohibition

Kuwait - No prohibition

Laos - No prohibition

Lebanon - No prohibition

Lesotho - No prohibition

Libya - No prohibition

Madagascar - No prohibition

Malaysia - No prohibition

The Philippines - No prohibition

Qatar - No prohibition

Indonesia - No prohibition

United Arab Emirates - No prohibition

Trinidad and Tobago - No prohibition

Tunisia - No prohibition

Turkey - No prohibition

Turkmenistan - No prohibition

Tuvalu - No prohibition

Uganda - No prohibition

United States of America - No prohibition

Timor-Leste - No prohibition

Uruguay - No prohibition

Uzbekistan - No prohibition

Vanuatu - No prohibition

Venezuela - No prohibition

Vietnam - No prohibition

Yemen - No prohibition

Zambia - No prohibition

Tonga - No prohibition

Thailand - No prohibition

San Marino - No prohibition

South Sudan - No prohibition

Saudi Arabia - No prohibition

Senegal - No prohibition

- No prohibition

Sierra Leone - No prohibition

Singapore - No prohibition

Solomon Islands - No prohibition

Somalia - No prohibition

Sri Lanka - No prohibition

Tajikistan - No prohibition

St. Kitts and Nevis - No prohibition

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No prohibition

Sudan - No prohibition

Suriname - No prohibition

Eswatini - No prohibition

Sweden - No prohibition

Syria - No prohibition

Iran - No prohibition

Zimbabwe - No prohibition

India - No prohibition

Dominica - No prohibition

Bolivia - No prohibition

Ethiopia - No prohibition

Central African Republic - No prohibition

Botswana - No prohibition

Eritrea - No prohibition

Equatorial Guinea - No prohibition

Brunei - No prohibition

El Salvador - No prohibition

Egypt - No prohibition

Ecuador - No prohibition

Burkina Faso - No prohibition

Burundi - No prohibition

Benin - No prohibition

Cambodia - No prohibition

Cuba - No prohibition

Iceland - No prohibition

Cote d'Ivoire - No prohibition

Costa Rica - No prohibition

Republic of the Congo - No prohibition

Cameroon - No prohibition

Comoros - No prohibition

Colombia - No prohibition

China - No prohibition

Chile - No prohibition

Bhutan - No prohibition

Chad - No prohibition

Gabon - No prohibition

Angola - No prohibition

Guinea - No prohibition

Greenland - No prohibition

Antigua and Barbuda - No prohibition

Azerbaijan - No prohibition

Honduras - No prohibition

Georgia - No prohibition

Bahamas - No prohibition

Ghana - No prohibition

Bahrain - No prohibition

Andorra - No prohibition

Algeria - No prohibition

Belarus - No prohibition

Haiti - No prohibition

Barbados - No prohibition

Bangladesh - No prohibition

Ukraine - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

Samoa - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

Guinea-Bissau - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

Guatemala - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

Rwanda - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

Mongolia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination for mothers only

United Kingdom - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

Germany - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

Belgium - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

Nicaragua - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

The Netherlands - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

The Gambia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers only

Slovenia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Cabo Verde - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Canada - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

South Africa - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Slovakia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Austria - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Argentina - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Armenia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Spain - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Australia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

St. Lucia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Bulgaria - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Brazil - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Switzerland - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Tanzania - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Togo - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Belize - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Croatia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Serbia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Latvia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Maldives - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Malawi - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

North Macedonia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Luxembourg - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Lithuania - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Liechtenstein - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Albania - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Greece - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Malta - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Kyrgyzstan - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Grenada - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Kiribati - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Guyana - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Italy - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Israel - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Ireland - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Hungary - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

France - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Finland - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Sao Tome and Principe - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Djibouti - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Russian Federation - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Romania - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Democratic Republic of the Congo - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Portugal - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Cyprus - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Czech Republic - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Denmark - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Dominican Republic - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Fiji - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

New Zealand - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Namibia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Morocco - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Montenegro - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Estonia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Moldova - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Mexico - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Mauritius - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers

Liberia - Prohibition of discrimination in promotions and/or demotions for mothers and fathers